ABANDONED CHILDREN
- TT
- Crime
- BT
- Child abuse
- RT
- Sexually abused child
ABORTION
SN
- Termination of pregnancy; intentional removal of a fetus from the uterus by a number of techniques
- BT
- Reproductive health
- NT
- Abortion, illegal
- Abortion, traditional
- Abortion law
- Abortion policy
- Abortion services
- Antiabortion movement
- Dilation and Curettage
- Menstrual regulation
- Prochoice movement
- RU-486
- RT
- Family planning
- Pregnancy
ABORTION, ILLEGAL
SN
- Termination of pregnancy in jurisdictions where induced abortions are illegal or restricted by law
- BT
- Abortion
ABORTION CLINICS
SN
- Refers to free-standing abortion clinics. For hospital-based abortion services
- Use
- ABORTION SERVICES
- TT
- Abortion
- BT
- Abortion services
ABORTION LAW
SN
- Any legislation or regulations concerning pregnancy termination
- BT
- Abortion
ABORTION POLICY
- BT
- Abortion
ABORTION SERVICES
- BT
- Abortion
- NT
- Abortion clinics
- RT
- Family planning programmes
ABORTION, TRADITIONAL
- BT
- Abortion
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- see
- AIDS
ACUPRESSURE
- BT
- Alternative medicine
ACUPUNCTURE
SN
- The Chinese practice of piercing specific areas of the body along peripheral nerves with fine needles to relieve pain, to induce surgical anaesthesia, and for other therapeutic purposes
- BT
- Alternative medicine
ADDICTION
SN
- Physical addiction to a substance such that deprivation of it results in physiological withdrawal symptoms
- BT
- Social Problem
- NT
- Alcoholism
- Caffeinism
- Drug Addition
- RT
- Abuse
ADOLESCENCE
SN
- Individuals who are between puberty and the completion of physical growth; roughly from 11 to 19 years of age
- NT
- Sexuality
- RT
- Adolescent pregnancy
- Juvenile delinquency
- Menarche
- Street children
ADOLESCENT HEALTH
ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY
SN
- Pregnancy in girls between the ages of 11 and 19
- BT
- Reproductive behaviour
- RT
- Adolescence
- Pregnancy
ADOPTION
SN
- Acceptance of a child as one's own by legal process
- BT
- Family
- RT
- Child custody
- Foster Family
- Parenting
AFGHANISTAN
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- West and Central Asia
AFRICA
- BT
- Developing countries
- NT
- Algeria
- Djibouti
- Egypt
- Ethiopia
- Kenya
- Uganda
AGEING
SN
- A life-spanning process of growth and development running from birth to death
- NT
- Menopause
- Osteoporosis
- RT
- Ageing population
- Ageism
- Alzheimer's disease
- Demography
- Estrogen replacement therapy
- Hormone replacement therapy
- Memory Loss
- Menopause
- Nursing Homes
- Population
AGEING POPULATION
SN
- Continuing increase of elderly population both in absolute and in proportional terms in a given society
- BT
- Population dynamics
- RT
- Ageing
AGEISM
SN
- Discrimination against older people on the basis of age. Used when the item being catalogued is about ageism, not necessarily when the cataloger detects an ageist perspective in the text
- UF
- Age Discrimination
- BT
- Oppression
- RT
- Ageing
- Elder Abuse
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
SN
- Long-term increase in agricultural productivity
- TT
- Economic development
- BT
- Rural development
- Sectoral development
- RT
- Agriculture
- Agricultural workers
AGRICULTURAL WORKERS
SN
- Persons employed in the agricultural sector
- BT
- Labour force
- RT
- Agricultural development
AGRICULTURE
SN
- Science or art cultivating the soil, producing crops, and raising livestock
- UF
- Farming
- BT
- Macro economic factors
- RT
- Agricultural development
- Biotechnology
- Development
- Food Policy
AID
- RT
- Funders
- Government policy
- United Nations
AIDS
SN
- An acquired immune deficiency syndrome, a serious and often fatal syndrome first identified in 1980 which caused by a virus transmitted in the blood, marked by severe loss of resistance to infection. It involves the total breakdown of the human auto-immune system; this in turn leaves the body open to infection and other problems, some of which may cause deathi
- BT
- Gynaecological disorders
- HIV infections
- Reproductive health
- NT
- AIDS programmes
- AIDS research
- AIDS treatment
- RT
- Reproductive tract infections
- Sex education
- STDs
AIDS EDUCATION
- BT
- Health Education
- RT
- HIV Counselling
- Sex Education
AIDS PROGRAMMES
- BT
- AIDS
AIDS RESEARCH
- BT
- AIDS
AIDS TREATMENT
- BT
- AIDS
AIDS Virus
- see
- HIV INFECTIONS
ALCOHOL
- UF
- Alcoholism
- Beer
- Liquor
- Wine
- RT
- Drugs
- Fatal Alcoholicism
- Substance Abuse
- Tobacco
ALCOHOL ABUSE
- RT
- Alcoholism consumption
ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION
SN
- Consumption of alcoholic beverages
- RT
- Alcohol abuse
- Mental health
- Psychological health
- Women's health
ALGERIA
- BT
- Africa
ALTERNATIVE MEDIA
- BT
- Media
ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
- Use
- NON-ALLOPATHIC THERAPIES
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
SN
- A serious disorder of the brain manifesting itself in premature senility
- RT
- Ageing
AMENORRHEA
SN
- Absence or abnormal cessation of the menses (menstrual flow)
- BT
- Menstruation disorders
AMNIOCENTESIS
SN
- Extraction of amniotic fluid during pregnancy for diagnostic purposes
- BT
- Pregnancy
ANATOMY
SN
- The branch of science dealing with the structure or organisms
ANNUAL REPORT
SN
- Used only for documents that are reports prepared annually about the activities of a ministry, department, programme or other institution or organisation
Annual Statistical Yearbooks
- see
- ANNUAL REPORT
- and
- POPULATION STATISTICS
ANOREXIA
SN
- Lack or loss of appetite for food. A psychological illness especially for young women, characterized by an obsessive desire to lose weight by refusing to eat
- BT
- Eating problems
- RT
- Bulimia
ANTHROPOLOGY
SN
- The study of humankind, especially of its societies and customs. May be used when the item being catalogued deals with an anthropological perspective. Not restricted to items about the field of anthropology itself
- BT
- Social sciences
ANTIABORTION MOVEMENT
SN
- Movements / groups opposed to legally available induced abortion
- BT
- Abortion
- NT
- Operation rescue
- RT
- Prochoice movement
ANXIETY
- RT
- Mental health
ARGENTINA
- BT
- Latin and Central America
ASIA
- BT
- Developing Countries
- NT
- East Asia
- Indo-China
- South Asia
- Southeast Asia
- West and Central Asia
AUSTRALIA
- BT
- Pacific and Oceania
BAHRAIN
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- West and Central Asia
BANGLADESH
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- South Asia
BARBADOS
- BT
- Latin and Central America
BARRIER METHODS
SN
- Contraceptive methods which prevent the entry of spermatozoa into the uterus
- TT
- Contraception
- BT
- Contraceptive methods
- NT
- Cervical cap
- Condoms
- Diaphragms
- Female condoms
- Spermicidal products
- RT
- Contraception research
- Family planning programmes
- Hormonal methods
- IUDs
- Surgical methods
- Traditional methods
BASAL BODY TEMPERATURE METHOD
SN
- A method that uses the woman's basal body temperature to identify the infertile phase of the menstrual cycle after ovulation occurs. This information is used to plan intercourse and abstinence so as to achieve or to avoid pregnancy
- TT
- Periodic sexual abstinence
- BT
- Fertility awareness
- Natural family planning
Battered Child
- see
- CHILD ABUSE
Battered women
- see
- WIFE AND PARTNER BATTERING
BENIGN BREAST DISEASE
- Use
- Fibrocystic breasts
BELIEFS
SN
- A statement or body of statements held to be true by an individual or group
- BT
- Culture
BHUTAN
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- South Asia
BIBLIOGRAPHY
SN
- Used for documents that contain a list of references with little in the way of descriptive information, may or may not be annotated
BIOGRAPHY
BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SN
- Factors such as fecundability, lactation, menarche, menopause, longevity, increasing life span, sex ratios, and sex selection as they affect populations
Birth Control
- see
- CONTRACEPTION
- and
- FAMILY PLANNING
Birth Control Methods
- see
- CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS
Birth Control Policy
- see
- FAMILY PLANNING POLICY
- and
- POPULATION POLICY
BIRTH ATTENDANTS
SN
- Refers to people assisting at a birth in some kind of professional capacity, rather than friends and family
- BT
- Health workers
- NT
- Midwives
- Traditional Birth Attendants
- RT
- Birthing
- Childbirth
- Obstetricians
BIRTH RATE
SN
- Crude number of births per 1000 total population per year
- NT
- Fertility rate
Birthing
- see
- CHILD BIRTH
BODY IMAGE
- UF
- Beauty
BOLIVIA
- BT
- Latin and Central America
BOTTLE FEEDING
SN
- Use of nursing bottles for feeding
- TT
- Child care
- BT
- Infant nutrition
- RT
- Breastfeeding
BRAZIL
- BT
- Latin and Central America
BREAST CANCER
SN
- A malignant, cellular tumour of the breast
- BT
- Cancer
- RT
- Mammography screening
BREAST CONDITIONS
- BT
- Health conditions
- NT
- Breast calcifications
- Breast implants problems
- Breast lumps
- Fibrocystic breast
- RT
- Breast Cancer
- Breast self examination
- Mammography
BREAST IMPLANTS
- RT
- Cosmetics
BREAST IMPLANTS PROBLEMS
- BT
- Breast conditions
- NT
- Breast implants leakage
- Capsular contrature
BREASTFEEDING
SN
- The process of feeding from a mother's breast
- TT
- Child care
- BT
- Infant nutrition
- Contraceptive methods
- NT
- Breastfeeding promotion
- RT
- Bottle feeding
BREASTFEEDING PROMOTION
- BT
- Breastfeeding
BREECH BIRTH
SN
- Delivery of a baby with the buttocks or feet foremost
- BT
- Child birth
Britain
- see
- UNITED KINGDOM
BROADCAST MEDIA
SN
- Means of mass communication by transmission of audio and/or visual signs
- BT
- Mass media
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- Southeast Asia
BUDDHISM
SN
- A widespread Asian religion or philosophy, founded by Gautama Buddha in India
- BT
- Religion
BULIMIA
SN
- (Bulimia nervosa) Insatiable overeating. An emotional disorder in which bouts of extreme overeating are followed by depression and self-induced vomiting, purging or fasting
- BT
- Eating problems
Burma
- see
- MYANMAR
- or
- SOUTHEAST ASIA
CAESAREAN BIRTH
SN
- An operation for delivering a child by cutting through the wall of the abdomen
- BT
- Child birth
CALENDAR RHYTHM METHOD/
SN
- A family planning method involving numerical calculations based on previous menstrual cycle
- TT
- Periodic sexual abstinence
- BT
- Fertility awareness
- Natural family planning
Cambodia
- see
- KAMPUCHEA
CANADA
- BT
- North America
CANCER
SN
- A malignant new growth or tumour from an abnormal and uncontrolled division of body cells
- NT
- Breast cancer
- Cervical cancer
- Endometrial cancer
- Leukaemia
- Lung cancer
- Ovarian cancer
- Pelvic cancer
- Vaginal cancer
- RT
- Cancer research
- Cancer treatment
- Smoking
CANCER RESEARCH
- RT
- Cancer
CANCER TREATMENT
- RT
- Cancer
CAPITAL
SN
- Stock of goods and money for use in further production
- BT
- Economic factors
CASE HISTORY
SN
- Includes forms for case histories, organisation of forms, actual histories
- TT
- Research methodology
- BT
- Data collection
- RT
- Case study
CASE STUDY
SN
- Detailed analysis of single units, such as persons or institutions, which emphasise the unit's development in relation to its environment
- TT
- Research Methodology
- BT
- Data collection
- RT
- Case history
- Pilot projects
- Prospective studies
- Retrospective studies
CATHOLICISM
SN
- The faith, practice or system of the Roman Catholic Church
- TT
- Religion
- BT
- Christianity
CD-ROM
- BT
- Information processing
CENSUS
SN
- A canvass of a given area, resulting in an enumeration of the entire population, and the compilation of demographic, social and economic information pertaining to that population at a specific time. Used for actual censuses
- BT
- Population statistics
CERVICAL CANCER
SN
- A malignant, cellular tumour of the cervix uteri
- BT
- Cancer
- RT
- Pap Smear
- Reproductive tract infections
- STDs
CERVICAL CAP
SN
- A contraceptive device of metal, plastic or rubber placed on the cervix
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- Barrier methods
CERVICAL DYSPLASIA
- BT
- Gynaecological disorders
CERVICAL MUCUS OR OVULATION METHOD
SN
- A contraceptive method based on the recognition and interpretation of cyclic changes in cervical mucus that occur in response to changing estrogens levels
- TT
- Periodic sexual abstinence
- BT
- Fertility awareness
- Natural family planning
CHILD ABUSE
SN
- Physically harmful treatment of a child
- TT
- Crime
- BT
- Domestic violence
- NT
- Sexually abused children
- Abandoned children
- RT
- Female infanticide
- Infanticide
- Incest
- Violence against women
Child bearing
- see
- PREGNANCY
CHILD BIRTH
SN
- The process of labour and delivery
- NT
- Breech birth
- Caesarean birth
- Forceps birth
- Home birth
- RT
- Traditional birth attendants
CHILD CARE
SN
- The supervision and management of children - covers the various activities aimed at improving the conditions of children in society
- UF
- Babysitting
- NT
- Child care centres
- Child custody
- Infant nutrition
- RT
- Child development
- Infant care
- Babysitters
- Day care
- Parenting
CHILD CARE CENTRES
- BT
- Child care
CHILD CUSTODY
SN
- Immediate change and control of a child or children, usually by a divorced or separated parent
- BT
- Child care
- RT
- Adoption
- Divorce
- Family
- Family law
- Marriage
CHILD DEVELOPMENT
SN
- Continuous, sequential, physiological and psychological maturing of the child from birth through puberty
- RT
- Child care
CHILD HEALTH
SN
- The physical, mental and social well-being of a child
- BT
- Health
- RT
- Maternal-child health
- Child Mortality
- Smoking
CHILD LABOUR
SN
- Children employed for pay or profit
- BT
- Labour force
CHILD MORTALITY
SN
- Deaths of children between the ages of one year and puberty
- BT
- Mortality
- RT
- Child mortality
- Maternal health
CHILDREN
- BT
- Population Groups
CHILE
- BT
- Latin and Central America
CHINA
SN
- People's Republic of China
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- East Asia
CHLAMYDIA INFECTIONS
SN
- A STD caused by the bacterium called "Chlamydia trachomatis" micro- organism, responsible for a variety of infections in women, including cervicitis (inflammation of the cervix), Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases, endometritis and infertility as well as dangerous complications during pregnancy and child birth. It is transmitted during vaginal or anal sex with someone who has the infection. Also be passed by a hand moistened with infected secretions to the eye, and from mother to baby during delivery
- BT
- STDs
- RT
- Pregnancy complications
CHRISTIANITY
SN
- The religion derived from Jesus Christ, based on the Bible as scripture
- BT
- Religion
- NT
- Catholicism
CIRCUMCISION
SN
- Refers to the surgical removal of the loose fold of skin or the foreskin
- NT
- Female circumcision
- Male circumcision
Civil Rights
- see
- HUMAN RIGHTS
- or
- WOMEN'S RIGHTS
COITUS INTERRUPTUS
SN
- Withdrawal before ejaculation as a method of contraception
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- Traditional methods
COLOMBIA
- BT
- Latin and Central America
COMMUNICATION
SN
- A formal and non-formal effort to exchange or transmit ideas, attitudes, or beliefs between individuals or groups
- NT
- Media
Compact Disc - Read Only Memory
- see
- CD-ROM
COMPLICATIONS
SN
- Used with diseases, devices or surgical procedures to indicate conditions following or existing as a complication of the diseases, procedures or devices. Used as a secondary descriptor
COMPUTER PROGRAMMES AND PROGRAMMING
SN
- A logical sequence of instructions to direct the actions of a computer system (software)
- BT
- Information processing
- NT
- Databases
COMPUTERS
SN
- Electronic machines that perform high speed tasks such as logical calculation and word processing
- BT
- Information processing
- NT
- Microcomputers
CONDOMS
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- Barrier methods
- NT
- Female condoms
- Male condoms
CONFERENCES AND CONGRESSES
SN
- Used when the whole document cited is a conference proceeding or when a document is discussing a congress or conference. Used as a secondary descriptor
CONFUCIANISM
- BT
- Religion
CONSUMERISM
SN
- The protection or promotion of consumers' interests in relation to the producer
- NT
- Consumer power
- Consumer protection
- RT
- Consumer behavior
- Consumers
CONTRACEPTION
SN
- The use of all methods of conception prevention by individuals in order to have the number of children they want, when and if they want them
- BT
- Reproductive health
- NT
- Contraceptive availability
- Contraceptive effectiveness
- Contraceptive methods
- Contraceptive research
- Contraceptive usage
- Family planning
- Female contraception
- Male contraception
- Sterilization
CONTRACEPTIVE AVAILABILITY
SN
- The presence or absence of readily obtainable family planning supplies
- BT
- Contraception
CONTRACEPTIVE EFFECTIVENESS
SN
- The degree to which a contraceptive reduces the monthly probability of conception
- BT
- Contraception
- RT
- Contraceptive methods
CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS
SN
- All methods of contraception; both modern and traditional
- BT
- Contraception
- NT
- Barrier methods
- Breastfeeding
- Hormonal methods
- Immunological contraceptives
- IUDs
- Surgical methods
- Traditional methods
- RT
- Contraceptive effectiveness
- Contraceptive research
CONTRACEPTIVE RESEARCH
SN
- Research on contraceptive technologies
- BT
- Contraception
- Health research
- RT
- Barrier methods
- Contraceptive methods
- Contraceptive technology
- Research and development
CONTRACEPTIVE TECHNOLOGY
- RT
- Contraceptive research
CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE
SN
- Use of contraceptive methods by individuals or by groups of individuals
- BT
- Contraception
- RT
- Fertility rate
CONTRACEPTIVE VACCINES
- BT
- Vaccines
CONVENTIONS AND TREATRIES
COSMETICS
SN
- Method of changing appearance. It can be an aid for performances of various kinds
- RT
- Breast implants
COSTA RICA
- BT
- Latin and Central America
COUNSELLING
- BT
- Guidance
- NT
- Abortion counselling
- Contraceptive counselling
- Educational counselling
- Genetics counselling
- Infertility counselling
- Marriage counselling
- Pregnancy counselling
COUNTRY PROFILES
CREDIT SCHEME
- RT
- Economic development
- Income generation programmes
- Work and women
CRIME
SN
- A serious offence against the public law
- NT
- Child abuse
- Domestic violence
- Homicide
- Incest
- Infanticide
- Rape
- Sexual harassment
- Trafficking of women
- Violence against women
CRISIS CENTRES
- BT
- Social services
- NT
- Rape crisis centres
CRITIQUES
SN
- Used when a document is a critical comment on some problem or subject
- RT
- Development
- Family planning programmes
- Population policy
CUBA
- BT
- Latin and Central America
CULTURE
SN
- The complete pattern of human social behaviour including knowledge, beliefs, art morals, laws and customs
- NT
- Beliefs
- Folklore
- Taboo
CYTOLOGY
SN
- The study of cells, their origin, structure, function, and pathology
- RT
- Pap smear
D & C
- see
- DILATION AND CURETTAGE
DATA COLLECTION
SN
- Systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from various sources including questionnaires, interviews, observation, existing records and electronic devices
- BT
- Research methodology
- NT
- Case history
- Case study
- Focus groups
- Follow-up studies
- Interviews
- Longitudinal studies
- Pilot projects
- Prospective studies
- Retrospective studies
DATABASES
SN
- Structured sets of data held in a computer, especially one that is accessible in various ways
- BT
- Computers programmes and
- programming
Delivery
- see
- CHILD BIRTH
DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS
SN
- Births, deaths, migrations and other demographic parameters
- BT
- Population
- NT
- Population characteristics
- Population dynamics
- RT
- Demography
DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEYS
SN
- A canvassing to obtain data on the size, distribution, characteristics, and dynamics of a population
- BT
- Population dynamics
- RT
- Fertility surveys
DEMOGRAPHY
SN
- Science and practice dealing with the statistical and mathematical analysis of the size, composition, and spatial distribution of human populations, and of the causes and consequences of changes in fertility, mortality, marriage and migration
- BT
- Social sciences
- RT
- Ageing
- Demographic factors
- Population
DEPO-PROVERA
SN
- An injectable contraceptive (hormonal) method which surpresses ovulation. The effects are mentioned can include permanent infertility, irregular bleeding, and possible cancer
- TT
- Hormonal methods
- BT
- Injectable contraceptives
Depo medroxprogestrone acetate
- see
- DMPA
DEPRESSION
SN
- A mental state characterised by dejection, lack of hope, absence of cheerfulness
- RT
- Mental health
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
SN
- Poor countries that are developing better economic and social conditions
- NT
- Africa
- Asia
- Latin and Central America
- Pacific and Oceania
- RT
- Development
- Economic development
DEVELOPMENT
SN
- A term used frequently to describe the changes in developing countries
- NT
- Economic development
- Gender and development
- International development
- Social development
- Women in development
- RT
- Critiques
- Developing countries
- Development policy
DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
SN
- Planning for economic, social, and technological development
- BT
- Development policy
- NT
- Development plans
- RT
- Gender planning and implementation
DEVELOPMENT PLANS
- BT
- Development planning
- NT
- Women in development plans
DEVELOPMENT POLICY
SN
- Governmental attempt to obtain optimum economic and social growth or change through the formulation of policy to accomplish specific goals and objectives
- BT
- Government policy
- Policy
- NT
- Development planning
- National women's policy
- RT
- Development
- Economic development
- Social development
DEVELOPMENT THEORIES
- NT
- Feminist theories
- Gender and development theories
- Women in development theories
DIAPHRAGMS
SN
- Rubber devices, in varying sizes, inserted into vagina to cover cervix and form a barrier between uterine opening and sperm
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- Barrier methods
DILATION AND CURETTAGE
SN
- A procedure in which the cervix is dilated and the lining of the uterus is scraped with a spoon-like instrument known as curette
- BT
- Abortion
DIRECTORY
SN
- Used for documents that list members' names and addresses or addresses of available services
DISABILITY
SN
- Temporary or permanent incapacity for work resulting from a pathological condition
DISCRIMINATION
SN
- Differential treatment by exclusion or assignment to a lower social status because of race, sex, ethnic origin, religion or socioeconomic status
- NT
- Sex discrimination
- RT
- Equal rights
DISEASE
SN
- An abdominal condition of an organism or part, especially as a consequence of infection or environmental stress
- BT
- Health
- RT
- Health care
- Health conditions
DIVORCE
SN
- A complete, legal breaking up of a marriage
- BT
- Family
- RT
- Child custody
- Family law
- Female-headed household
- Marriage
- Separation
DJIBOUTI
- BT
- Africa
DMPA
SN
- "Depo medroxyprogesterone acetate" - (a microcrystalline suspension) an injectable contraceptive method for the prevention of premature labour and for the treatment of threatened abortion, endometriosis and endometrial carnicoma
- TT
- Hormonal methods
- BT
- Injectable contraceptives
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
- BT
- Crime
- Violence against women
- NT
- Child abuse
- Domestic violence act
- Wife and partner battering
- RT
- Family violence
- Infanticide
- Rape
- Sexual abuse
- Sexual harassment
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ACT
- BT
- Domestic violence
- RT
- Family law
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
- BT
- Latin and Central America
Drugs
- see
- PHARMACEUTICALS
DYSMENORRHEA
SN
- Painful or difficult menstruation, either primary or secondary
- BT
- Menstruation disorders
E-mail
- see
- ELECTRONIC MAIL
EAST ASIA
- BT
- Asia
- NT
- China
- Hong Kong
- Japan
- Macau
- Mongolia
- North Korea
- South Korea
- Taiwan
EATING PROBLEMS
- NT
- Anorexia
- Bulimia
- Compulsive eatings
- RT
- Body image
- Dieting
- Mental health
- Weight consciouness
ECOLOGY
SN
- Science and practice dealing with the interrelationships between population factors and their environments
- BT
- Environment
ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Economic characteristics
- see
- SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
SN
- Existing state of economic organisation and factors in a country or area
- BT
- Macro economic factors
- RT
- Social conditions
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
SN
- Growth or change resulting in increases in per capita income, agricultural production, foreign trade and level of industrialisation
- BT
- Development
- NT
- Sectoral development
- Women workers
- RT
- Credit scheme
- Developing countries
- Development policy
- Economic growth
- Economic policy
- Income generation programmes
- Social development
ECONOMIC FACTORS
SN
- Economic aspects of an activity, country or person
- NT
- Capital
- Human resources
- Macro economic factors
- Marketing
- Micro economic factors
- Rural development
- Social planning
- Socioeconomic factors
- Standard of living
- Technology
- RT
- Social development
ECONOMIC GROWTH
SN
- The increase in wealth of a country as measured by Gross National Product or Gross Domestic Product
- RT
- Economic development
- Economic policy
ECONOMIC POLICY
- BT
- Government policy
- RT
- Economic development
- Economic growth
ECONOMICS
SN
- Science and practice dealing with the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. May be used when the item being catalogued deals with an economic perspective. Not restricted to items about the field of economics itself
- BT
- Social sciences
ECUADOR
- BT
- Latin and Central America
EDUCATION
SN
- The process or course of learning, instruction or training that provides knowledge, skill and competence
- BT
- Socioeconomic factors
- NT
- Health education
- Literacy
- Non-formal education
- Population education
- Sex education
- Training programmes
EDUCATION AND WOMEN
EGYPT
- BT
- Africa
EL SALVADOR
- BT
- Latin and Central America
ELECTRONIC MAIL
- BT
- Information processing
EMPOWERMENT (FOR LEADERSHIP)
ENDOMETRIAL CANCER
SN
- A malignant, cellular tumour of the endometrium
- BT
- Cancer
ENDOMETRIOSIS
SN
- A condition in which the tissue lining the uterus (womb) is found in places other than the uterus (sometimes known as pelvic endometriosis). It can cause severe pain for a long period of time and can be extremely debilitating for women affected by it
- BT
- Gynaecological disorders
ENVIRONMENT
SN
- All external conditions, biological and climatic, that influence a person or a group
- NT
- Ecology
- Environmental pollution
- RT
- Environmental health
- Environmental policy
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
SN
- Refers to the way the environment affects the health of people, as opposed to the health of the environment itself
- BT
- Health
- RT
- Environment
- Occupational Health
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
- BT
- Government policy
- RT
- Chemical sensitivities
- Environment
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
SN
- Any risks to the physical environment, usually man-made
- BT
- Environment
- RT
- Urbanisation
EQUAL RIGHTS
- RT
- Discrimination
- Human rights
- Women's rights
ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY
SN
- The treatment which uses an estrogens hormone from outside the human body
- BT
- Hormones
- RT
- Ageing
- Hormone replacement therapy
- Menopause
ETHICS
- UF
- Morality
- NT
- Medical ethics
- Professional ethics
- Social ethics
- RT
- Moral values
ETHIOPIA
- BT
- Africa
EUROPE
- RT
- Eastern Europe
- Western Europe
- Meditteranean countries
EVALUATION
- NT
- Needs assessment
- Project evaluation
- Project appraisal
- RT
- Analysis
Excision
- see
- FEMALE CIRCUMCISION
FAMILIES
SN
- Household structure and family composition, size and relationship
- NT
- Adoption
- Extended families
- Family characteristics
- Female-headed household
- Single parents
- Stepfamilies
- RT
- Households
- Kinship
FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS
SN
- Size and composition of the family
- BT
- Families
FAMILY HEALTH
- BT
- Health
FAMILY LAW
- BT
- Law
- RT
- Abortion
- Adoption
- Child custody
- Divorce
- Domestic violence act
- Marriage
FAMILY PLANNING
SN
- Voluntary planning and action by individuals to have the number of children they want, when and if they want them
- TT
- Reproductive health
- BT
- Contraception
- NT
- Family planning programmes
- Fertility control
- RT
- Abortion
- Family planning policy
FAMILY PLANNING POLICY
SN
- Decisions and actions by public bodies to guide and usually determine present and future decisions about family planning services
- BT
- Population policy
- RT
- Family planning
FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMMES
SN
- Organised activities including provision of contraceptives and family planning information, aimed at assisting individuals to have the number of children they want, when and if they want them
- TT
- Reproductive health
- BT
- Family planning
- RT
- Abortion services
- Barrier methods
- Critiques
- Government programmes
- Health programmes
- Population programmes
Family planning services
- see
- FAMILY PLANNING
- PROGRAMMES
FAMILY SIZE, IDEAL
SN
- The ideal family size to maintain, increase, or decrease population in a country or larger area
- RT
- Population size
Family violence
- see
- DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
FEMALE CIRCUMCISION
SN
- The removal of all or part of the prepuce and, in the case of excision, the removal of the glans clitoridis or even the clitoris itself
- BT
- Circumcision
- NT
- Female/genital mutilation
FEMALE CONDOMS
SN
- A blind-ending hollow tube which uses rings to secure the device against the vulva and to aid in insertion in the vagina during intercourse
- TT
- Barrier methods
- BT
- Condoms
FEMALE CONTRACEPTION
SN
- Used for general discussions of female contraception
- BT
- Contraception
FEMALE/GENITAL MUTILATION
- BT
- Female circumcision
FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLD
- BT
- Family
- RT
- Divorce
- Marriage
FEMALE INFANTICIDE
SN
- The killing of a female infant by violence or by neglect
- TT
- Crime
- BT
- Infanticide
- RT
- Child abuse
FEMALE STERILIZATION
SN
- A procedure by which a female is made incapable of reproduction
- TT
- Surgical methods
- BT
- Sterilization
- Tubectomy, tubal ligation
FEMINISM
SN
- A philosophy and struggle against patriarchy which aims to empower women to enable them to operate as, and acquire a full "citizenship" into society with equal rights and equal access to resources. It also seeks to redefine the whole spectrum of politics, economics and culture to incorporate women's experiences and hence a feminist perspective into the relevant conceptual frameworks. This redefining process, which largely relies upon feminist research methodologies is aimed at the formulation of a feminist epistemology. Although feminism attempts to cut across class, racial and other social divisions, and ideological differences has fictionalised the movement. Typically, they include liberal feminists, Marxist feminists, radical feminists, ecofeminists, etc.
- RT
- Feminist critiques
- Feminist movements
- Feminist theories
- Gender
- Sexism
- Women's rights
- Women's status
FEMINIST CRITIQUES
- RT
- Feminism
- Feminist movements
- Feminist theories
- Population control
FEMINIST MOVEMENTS
- RT
- Feminism
- Feminist critiques
- Feminist theories
- Non-governmental organizations
- Women's movements and organisations
FEMINIST THEORIES
- BT
- Development theories
- RT
- Feminism
- Feminist critiques
- Feminist movements
- Women in development theories
FERTILITY
SN
- The reproductive performance of a group
- BT
- Population dynamics
- NT
- Fertility decline
- Reproductive behaviour
- RT
- Fertility control
FERTILITY AWARENESS
SN
- Methods of planning or preventing pregnancy based on observation of naturally occurring signs and symptoms of the fertile and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle (see also NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING)
- TT
- Traditional methods
- BT
- Periodic sexual abstinence
- NT
- Basal body temperature method
- Calendar rhythm method
- Cervical mucus or ovulation method
- Sympto-thermal method
- RT
- Natural family planning
FERTILITY CONTROL
- BT
- Family planning
- RT
- Fertility
- Population control
- Population policy
FERTILITY DECLINE
SN
- Reduction in the number of births occurring in a population during a particular period of time
- TT
- Population
- BT
- Fertility
- RT
- Population decrease
FERTILITY RATE
SN
- Number of births (usually per year) per 1000 women of childbearing age, usually 15-44
- BT
- Health indicators
- RT
- Birth rate
- Contraceptive usage
- Pregnancy rate
FERTILITY SURVEYS
SN
- Surveys that assess the current state of human fertility in an area
- BT
- Population statistics
- NT
- World fertility surveys
- RT
- Demographic surveys
FIBROIDS
SN
- A fibrous, connective tissue tumour
- BT
- Gynaecological disorders
FIBROCYSTIC BREASTS
- UF
- Benign breast disease
- Fibrocystic disease
- BT
- Breast conditions
FIBROCYSTIC DISEASE
- Use
- Fibrocystic breasts
FOCUS GROUPS
SN
- Qualitative research in the form of open-ended, non-judgemental discussion of predesign topics by a small group drawn from a target population to permit free expression of perceptions, opinions, attitudes and behaviour patterns
- TT
- Research methodology
- BT
- Data collection
Folk Media
- see
- TRADITIONAL MEDIA
FOLKLORE
SN
- Customs, beliefs, stories and sayings of a people handed down from generation to generation
- BT
- Culture
- RT
- Customs
- Traditions
FOLLOW-UP STUDIES
SN
- Studies that follow the same group of persons or households over time by means of repeated visits or other contacts
- TT
- Research methodology
- BT
- Data collection
FOOD AND NUTRITION
SN
- A nutritious substance, especially solid in form, that can be taken to maintain life and growth
- BT
- Health
- RT
- Infant nutrition
- NT
- Nutrition programmes
FORCEPS DELIVERY
SN
- Giving birth through surgical operations by using a two-bladed instrument with a handle for compressing or grasping tissues
- BT
- Child birth
FUNDERS
- RT
- Aid
- United Nations
FUNGICIDES
- BT
- Pesticides
GENDER
SN
- Essentially a feminist reorientation of the patriarchal normative, "sex" (as in male/female) where sex roles and identities of individuals placed within a gender framework, defined as "socially constructed" and not natural
- NT
- Gender and development
- RT
- Feminism
- Sexism
- Women's rights
- Women's status
GENDER ANALYSIS
SN
- Skills of analysing an organisation or programme to see men and women are differently affected.
GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT
SN
- An approach to development which incorporates a gender analysis with the primary aim of visibilising women's role in development (social, economic and political) and to prevent their further marginalisation or exclusion owing to policies and theories that are gender-blind
- BT
- Gender
- Development
- NT
- Gender equality
- Gender roles
- RT
- Gender planning and implementation
- Gender training
- Sex discrimination
GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT THEORIES
- BT
- Development theories
GENDER EQUALITY
- BT
- Gender and development
GENDER PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION
- RT
- Development planning
- Gender and development
GENDER ROLES
- BT
- Gender and development
- NT
- Men's roles
- Women's roles
- RT
- Sex roles
Gender sensitization
- see
- GENDER TRAINING
GENDER STUDIES
- Use
- Women's studies
GENDER TRAINING
- RT
- Gender and development
GENDER VIOLENCE
GENETIC ENGINEERING
- RT
- Genetics
GENETICS
SN
- The study of heredity. May be used when the item being catalogued deals with genetic issues or considerations. Not restricted to items about the field of genetics itself
- RT
- Genetic engineering
- Biotechnology
GEOGRAPHIC FACTORS
SN
- Effect of region or type of surroundings on populations, e.g., urban surroundings versus rural
- BT
- Population
- RT
- Geography
GEOGRAPHY
SN
- Study of the earth and its features and the distribution on the earth of life, including human life and the effects of human activity
- BT
- Social sciences
- RT
- Geographic factors
GLOBALISATION
GONORRHEA
SN
- A common sexually transmitted disease caused by the "gonococcus", a bacterium shaped like a coffee bean, which works its way gradually along the warm, moist passageways of the genital and urinary organs and effects the cervix, urethra, anus and throat. It can be transmitted through genital, genital-oral and genital-rectal sex. A mother can pass it to her baby during delivery
- BT
- STDs
GOVERNMENT
SN
- The administration of public in a political unit
- BT
- Political factors
- NT
- Regional government
- RT
- Government policy
- Government programmes
- Non-governmental organisations
- Public administration
GOVERNMENT POLICY
- NT
- Development policy
- Economic policy
- Environmental policy
- Health policy
- Labour policy
- Population policy
- Women in development policy
- RT
- Aid
- Government
- Government programmes
- International development
- Policy
GOVERNMENT PROGRAMMES
SN
- Programmes authorised, designed, administered, or sponsored by government units or agencies
- BT
- Organisation and administration
- NT
- Women in development programmes
- RT
- Family planning programmes
- Government
- Government policy
- Health budget
- Health programmes
GYNAECOLOGICAL SURGERY
SN
- Manual or operative procedures for any condition affecting the genital tract in women
- NT
- Hysterectomy
- Hysterotomy
- RT
- Gynaecology
GYNAECOLOGICAL DISORDERS
- TT
- Reproductive health
- BT
- Gynaecology
- NT
- AIDS
- Cervical dysplasia
- Endometriosis
- Fibroids
- Ovarian cysts
- Reproductive tract infections
- STDs
- RT
- Infertility
- Urinary tract infections
GYNAECOLOGISTS
- BT
- Health workers
- RT
- Obstetricians
GYNAECOLOGY
SN
- The science of the physiological functions and diseases of women especially those affecting the reproductive systems
- NT
- Gynaecological disorders
- RT
- Gynaecologic surgery
- Reproductive health
HEALTH
SN
- The state of an organism with respect to functioning disease, and abnormality at any given time. As defined in the Constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO) is "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity"
- NT
- Child health
- Disease
- Environmental health
- Food and nutrition
- Health care
- Health education
- Mental health
- Occupational health
- Women's health
- RT
- Health conditions
- Health hazards
- Health policy
- Health programmes
- Health workers
HEALTH ASPECTS
HEALTH BUDGET
- RT
- Government programmes
- Health care
HEALTH CARE
- BT
- Health
- NT
- Health facilities
- Primary health care
- RT
- Disease
- Health budget
- Health education
- Health programmes
- Health workers
- Maternal-child health services
- Quality of health care
HEALTH CONDITIONS
- RT
- Disease
- Health
HEALTH EDUCATION
SN
- Education that increases awareness and favourably influences the attitudes and knowledge relating to the improvement of health on a personal or community basis
- BT
- Education
- Health
- RT
- Health care
- Health programmes
- Pharmaceuticals
- Primary health care
- Sex education
HEALTH FACILITIES
SN
- Institutions that provide medical or health-related services
- TT
- Health
- BT
- Health care
- NT
- Hospitals
HEALTH HAZARDS
- BT
- Occupational health
- RT
- Health
- Pesticides
- VDT use
HEALTH ORGANISATIONS
SN
- Use a more specific term whenever possible
- BT
- Organisations
- NT
- Consumer health organisations
- Government health agencies
- International health organisations
- Nonprofit health organisations
- Professional health associations
Health personnel
- see
- HEALTH WORKERS
HEALTH POLICY
- BT
- Government policy
- Policy
- RT
- Health
- Health programmes
- Privatisation
HEALTH PROGRAMMES
SN
- Organised programmes for the provision of health care delivery and medical treatment to individuals
- NT
- Primary health care
- RT
- Family planning programmes
- Government programmes
- Health
- Health education
- Health policy
- Non-government programmes
HEALTH RESEARCH
SN
- Use when the item being catalogued refers to the field of health and medical research itself, not necessarily when the item is reporting the results or methodology of a particular research project
- NT
- Contraceptive research
HEALTH SERVICES
SN
- Use a more specific term whenever possible
- NT
- Childbirth services
- Emergency
- Hospice services
- RT
- Health and medical care
- Health insurance
- Quality of care
HEALTH WORKERS
SN
- Individuals working in the health occupations
- NT
- Gynaecologists
- Midwives
- Nurses
- Obstetricians
- Traditional birth attendants
- RT
- Health
- Health care
- Primary health care
- Training programmes
HERBAL MEDICINE
- BT
- Alternative medicine
HERPES
SN
- A sexually transmitted disease caused by the "herpes simplex virus", a tiny primitive organism whose nature is still more or less a mystery. The virus enters the body through the skin and mucous membranes of the mouth and genitals, and travels along the nerve endings to the base of the spine, where it sets up permanent residence, feeding off nutrients produced by the body cells. It can spread through vaginal, anal or oral sex with an active infection partner, and from mouth to genitals (or eyes) via fingers
- BT
- STDs
HETEROSEXUALITY
SN
- Sexual attraction between persons of the opposite sex
- BT
- Sexuality
- RT
- Homosexuality
- Lesbianism
- Sexual deviance
HINDUISM
SN
- The dominant cultic religion of India
- BT
- Religion
HISTORY
SN
- Used for the historical aspects of any subject. Not restricted to items about the field of history itself. Use as a secondary descriptor
HIV INFECTIONS
SN
- Infections believed to be caused by the human immuno deficiency virus (HIV), e.g., AIDS
- NT
- AIDS
- RT
- STDs
HOMEBIRTH
- BT
- Child birth
HOMEOPATHY
SN
- Treatment of disease by minute doses of drugs that in a healthy person would produce symptoms of the disease
- BT
- Alternative medicine
HOMICIDE
SN
- Killing of one human being by another
- BT
- Crime
- RT
- Violence against women
HOMOSEXUALITY
SN
- Sexual attraction or relationship between members of the same sex
- BT
- Sexuality
- RT
- Heterosexuality
- Lesbianism
HONG KONG
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- East Asia
HORMONAL METHODS
- BT
- Contraceptive methods
- NT
- Implants
- Injectable contraceptives
- Oral contraceptives
- RT
- Barrier methods
HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY
SN
- Drug therapy which supplies the body with estrogen and progesterone after menopause
- RT
- Ageing
- Estrogen replacement therapy
- Menopause
- Osteoporosis
HOSPITALS
SN
- Institutions where the sick or injured are given medical or surgical care. Hospital programmes may include preventive medicine or family planning service delivery
- TT
- Health care
- BT
- Health facilities
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
SN
- Household use of goods and services
- BT
- Micro economic factors
HOUSEWORK
SN
- Provision of services within the home for the family
- BT
- Micro economic factors
HUMAN RESOURCES
SN
- Actual or potential number of workers available at a given time
- BT
- Economic factors
- NT
- Labour force
HUMAN RIGHTS
SN
- The rights to which one is justly entitled as a human being
- NT
- Women's rights
- RT
- Equal rights
- Reproductive rights
HYSTERECTOMY
SN
- The surgical removal of the cervix and uterus
- BT
- Gynaecological surgery
HYSTEROTOMY
SN
- Incision into the uterus, performed vaginally or transabdominally
- BT
- Gynaecological surgery
Immigrants
- see
- MIGRANTS
IMMUNOLOGICAL CONTRACEPTIVES
- NT
- Vaccines
IMPLANTS
SN
- Rods or capsules inserted under the skin
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- Hormonal methods
- NT
- Norplant
INCEST
- BT
- Crime
- RT
- Child abuse
INCOME GENERATION PROGRAMMES
SN
- Small scale programmes, usually for women's groups, to give additional income to participants. Payment is sometimes made in commodities
- RT
- Credit scheme
- Economic development
INDIA
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- South Asia
INDICATORS
- NT
- Economics
- Socio-economics
- Gender equality
INDIGENOUS FAITHS
- BT
- Spirituality
INDO-CHINA
- BT
- Asia
- NT
- Kampuchea
- Laos
- Vietnam
INDONESIA
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- Southeast Asia
INFANT MORTALITY
SN
- Death of children from birth to two years of age
- BT
- Mortality
- RT
- Child mortality
- Infanticide
- Maternal health
- Pregnancy loss
INFANT NUTRITION
SN
- Nutrition of children from birth to two years of age
- BT
- Child care
- NT
- Bottle feeding
- Breastfeeding
- RT
- Food and nutrition
INFANTICIDE
SN
- The killing of an infant by violence or by neglect
- BT
- Crime
- NT
- Female infanticide
- RT
- Child abuse
- Domestic violence
- Infant mortality
INFERTILITY
SN
- Inability or diminished ability to produce offspring; unproductivity
- BT
- Reproductive health
- RT
- Gynaecological disorders
- Pelvic inflammatory diseases
- Reproductive tract infections
- STDs
INFORMAL SECTORS
INFORMATION CENTRES
- RT
- Information Networks
- Documentation Centres
INFORMATION PROCESSING
SN
- Preparation, structuring, or manipulation of information or data
- NT
- Computer programmes and programming
- Computers
- Electronic mail
- CD-ROM
INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVES
SN
- Hormonal contraceptive method using intramuscular injection
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- Hormonal methods
- NT
- Depo-Provera
- DMPA
- NET-EN
INSECTICIDES
- BT
- Pesticides
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
- RT
- Public administration
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
- BT
- Development
- RT
- Government policy
- Poverty
- Structural adjustment
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
SN
- The movement across an international boundary for the purpose of establishing a new permanent resident
- BT
- Migration
- RT
- Labour policy
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS
- BT
- ORGANISATIONS
INTERNATIONAL UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCES
SN
- Use a more specific term whenever possible
- NT
- Environment and Development (Rio de Janeiro 1992)
- Human Rights (Vienna 1993)
- International Conference on Population and Development (Cairo 1994)
- 4th World Conference on Women (Beijing)
- International Conference on Population and Development + 5 (Hague 1998)
INTERVIEWS
SN
- Conversations with an individual held in order to obtain information
- TT
- Research methodology
- BT
- Data collection
Intrauterine Devices
- see
- IUDs
IRAN
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- West and Central Asia
IRAQ
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- West and Central Asia
ISLAM
SN
- The religious faith of Muslims including belief in ALLAH as the sole deity and in Muhammad as HIS Prophet
- BT
- Religion
- NT
- Women in Islam
- RT
- Islamic law (shariah)
ISLAMIC LAW (SHARIAH)
- BT
- Law
- RT
- Islam
IUCD
- see
- IUDs
IUD, COPPER
SN
- An IUD containing copper
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- IUDs
IUD, HORMONE
SN
- An IUD containing an active hormonal ingredient
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- IUDs
IUD, UNMEDICATED
SN
- An inert IUD
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- IUDs
IUDs
SN
- Pieces of plastic or metal having various shapes inserted into the uterus to exert a contraceptive effect
- BT
- Contraceptive methods
- NT
- IUD, copper
- IUD, hormone
- IUD, unmedicated
- RT
- Barrier methods
JAPAN
SN
- Includes Ryukyu Islands
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- East Asia
JORDAN
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- West and Central Asia
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY
SN
- Offences committed by a person or persons below the age of legal responsibility
- BT
- Social problems
- RT
- Adolescence
KAMPUCHEA
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- Indo-China
KENYA
- BT
- Africa
LABOUR FORCE
SN
- Persons employed for pay or profit plus persons who sought work but are currently unemployed
- BT
- Human resources
- Macro economic factors
- NT
- Agricultural workers
- Child labour
- Women migrant workers
- Women workers
LABOUR POLICY
- BT
- Government policy
- RT
- International migration
LAOS
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- Indo-China
LATIN AND CENTRAL AMERICA
SN
- Spanish, Portuguese, or French speaking countries of America. Prior to 1983, used for all of South and Central America and the Caribbean
- NT
- Argentina
- Barbados
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Chile
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Cuba
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- Mexico
- Nicaragua
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Puerto Rico
- Uruguay
- Venezuela
LAV
- see
- HIV INFECTIONS
LAW
SN
- A rule enacted or customary in a community and recognized as enjoining or prohibiting certain actions and enforced by the imposition of penalties
- NT
- Family law
- Islamic law (shariah)
- Law and women
LAW AND WOMEN
- BT
- Law
LEADERSHIP
- see
- Empowerment
Leaflets
- see
- PAMPHLETS
LEGAL ASPECTS
SN
- Legal facets of subject. Can be used as a secondary descriptor
- RT
- Polygyny
LEGISLATION
- NT
- Economic legislation
- Government law
- Policy
LESBIANISM
- BT
- Sexuality
- RT
- Heterosexuality
- Homosexuality
LITERACY
SN
- Ability to read and write
- BT
- Education
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES
SN
- Studies in which variables relating to an individual or groups of individuals are assessed over a period of time
- TT
- Research methodology
- BT
- Data collection
MACAU
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- East Asia
MACRO ECONOMIC FACTORS
SN
- Socioeconomic factors in terms of whole systems (societies)
- BT
- Economic factors
- NT
- Agriculture
- Economic conditions
- Labour force
Magazines
- see
- NEWSLETTERS, PERIODICALS, ETC.
MALAYSIA
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- Southeast Asia
MALDIVES
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- South Asia
MALE CIRCUMCISION
SN
- Removal of all or part of the foreskin of the penis
- BT
- Circumcision
MALE CONDOMS
SN
- Sheaths or cover for the penis; for use as a contraceptive or to prevent infection during sexual intercourse
- BT
- Condoms
- RT
- Male contraception
MALE CONTRACEPTION
SN
- Contraception for males in general
- BT
- Contraception
- RT
- Male condoms
- Vasectomy
MALE STERILIZATION
SN
- A procedure by which a male is made incapable of reproduction
- BT
- Sterilisation
- NT
- Vasectomy
MALNUTRITION
- BT
- Nutrition disorders
- NT
- Vitamin deficiency
- RT
- Hunger
- Poverty
MAMMOGRAPHY SCREENING
SN
- Wide testing of a symptom-free population, including low-risk individuals, in an attempt to find latent or very early stage of breast problems, particularly cancer
- RT
- Breast cancer
Management
- see
- ORGANISATION AND
- ADMINISTRATION
MANUALS
SN
- Used for handbooks or guides giving directions or principles of a subject or discipline
MARKETING
SN
- The commercial functions involved in transferring goods from producer to consumer
- BT
- Economic factors
MARRIAGE
SN
- The social institution involving legal and/or religious sanction whereby men and women are joined together
- BT
- Family
- NT
- Polygamy
- RT
- Child custody
- Divorce
- Family law
- Female-headed household
- Separation
MASS MEDIA
SN
- Instruments or technological means of communication that reach large numbers of people with a common message; includes billboards, banners, posters, store windows and and match covers
- TT
- Communication
- BT
- Media
- NT
- Broadcast media
- Print media
- Traditional media
- RT
- Media and women
MASSAGE
- BT
- Alternative medicine
MATERNAL-CHILD HEALTH SERVICES
SN
- Health programmes concerned with physical, mental and social well-being of mothers and their children
- BT
- Primary health care
- RT
- Child health
- Health care
- Maternal health
MATERNAL HEALTH
SN
- The physical, mental and social well-being of a pregnant woman / mother
- BT
- Health
- NT
- Maternal morbidity
- Maternal mortality
- RT
- Child birth
- Infant mortality
- Maternal-child health services
- Mother and child health
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy complications
MATERNAL MORBIDITY
- BT
- Morbidity
- RT
- Maternal health
MATERNAL MORTALITY
SN
- Maternal deaths resulting from complications of pregnancy and childbirth in a given population
- BT
- Mortality
- RT
- Child bearing
- Maternal health
- Maternal mortality rates
- Pregnancy
MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES
- BT
- Mortality rates
- RT
- Fertility rates
- Maternal mortality
MCH
- see
- MATERNAL – CHILD HEALTH SERVICES
MEDIA
SN
- The main means of mass communication (especially newspapers and broadcasting) regarded collectively
- BT
- Communication
- NT
- Mass media
- Alternative media
- RT
- Media and women
MEDIA AND WOMEN
- RT
- Media
MEN'S ROLES
- BT
- Sex roles
MENARCHE
SN
- Beginning of the menstrual function
- UF
- Onset of menses
- TT
- Reproductive health
- BT
- Menstrual cycle
- RT
- Adolescence
- Sex education
MENOPAUSE
SN
- Cessation of menstruation
- BT
- Menstrual cycle
- Reproductive health
- NT
- Early menopause
- Surgical menopause
- RT
- Ageing
- Estrogen replacement therapy
- Hormone replacement therapy
- Hot Flashes
- Osteoporosis
- Vaginal dryness
MENORRHAGIA
SN
- Excessive bleeding at the time of a menstrual period, either in number of days or amount of blood or both
- BT
- Menstruation disorders
MENSTRUAL CYCLE
SN
- The period in which an ovum matures, is ovulated, and enters the uterine lumen via the fallopian tubes
- TT
- Reproductive health
- NT
- Menarche
- Menstruation
- Menopause
- Ovulation
- Pre-menstruation
MENSTRUATION
SN
- The cyclic, endometrial shedding and discharge of blood from the non pregnant uterus, occurring usually at approximately four-week intervals during the female reproductive period
- BT
- Reproductive health
- NT
- Menarche
- Menstrual cycle
MENSTRUATION DISORDERS
SN
- Upsets in the normal menstrual process of periodic discharge of the lining of the uterus
- NT
- Amenorrhea
- Dysmenorrhea
- Menorrhagia
- Premenstrual tension
MENTAL HEALTH
SN
- Emotional, behavioural and social maturity; the absence of mental or behavioural disorder
- BT
- Health
- NT
- Stress
- RT
- Alcohol consumption
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Eating disorders
- Psychological health
MEXICOR
- BT
- Latin and Central America
MICRO ECONOMIC FACTORS
SN
- Socioeconomic factors in terms of individual areas of activity; e.g., household
- BT
- Economic factors
- NT
- Household consumption
- Housework
MICROCOMPUTERS
SN
- Very small computers or microprocessors
- BT
- Computers
MIDWIVES
SN
- Women who assist at child birth but who are not physicians; includes traditional birth attendants
- BT
- Health workers
- RT
- Nurses
- Obstetricians
- Traditional birth attendants
MIGRANTS
SN
- Individuals who make relatively permanent changes of residence from one country or region within a country, to another
- UF
- Emmigrants
- Immigrants
- BT
- Migration
- RT
- Women migrant workers
- Refugees
MIGRATION
SN
- Movements of individuals or populations
- BT
- Population dynamics
- NT
- International migration
- Migrants
- Migration, internal
- Rural-urban migration
MIGRATION, INTERNAL
SN
- Movement of individual populations within a country
- BT
- Migration
- RT
- Rural-urban migration
Miscarriage
- see
- ABORTION
Mithuri
- see
- CONDOM
MONGOLIA
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- East Asia
MORBIDITY
SN
- The rate of sickness in a population
- RT
- Maternal morbidity
MORTALITY
SN
- The number of deaths in a population, including overall mortality and comparisons of several types or mortality
- BT
- Population dynamics
- NT
- Child mortality
- Infant mortality
- Maternal mortality
- Mortality rates
MORTALITY RATES
SN
- Number of deaths per 1000 people, usually per year
- UF
- Death rates
- BT
- Health status
- Mortality
- NT
- Infant nortality rates
- Maternal mortality rates
- RT
- Life expectancy
- Morbidity rates
Muslim
- see
- ISLAM
MYANMAR
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- Southeast Asia
Natality
- see
- FERTILITY
NATIONAL ACTION PLANS
- RT
- Women's Development (Post-Beijing)
- Population and Development
- (Post-ICPD)
NATIONAL WOMEN POLICY
- BT
- Development policy
NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING
SN
- Methods of family planning that are based on the identification of individual signs and symptoms of fertility and sexual abstinence during the fertile period (see also FERTILITY AWARENESS)
- TT
- Traditional methods
- BT
- Periodic sexual abstinence
- NT
- Basal body temperature
- Calendar rhythm method
- Cervical mucus or ovulation method
- Sympto-thermal method
- RT
- Fertility awareness
NATUROPATHY
SN
- The treatment of disease without drugs, usually involving diet, exercise, massage, etc.
- BT
- Alternative medicine
NEPAL
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- South Asia
NET-EN
SN
- "Norethisterone enantate" - an oily solution of hormonal methods
- TT
- Hormonal methods
- BT
- Injectable contraceptives
NEW ZEALAND
- TT
- Developing countries
- BT
- Pacific and Oceania
NEWSLETTERS, PERIODICALS, ETC.
SN
- Newsletters / periodicals containing pieces (e.g., articles, stories, poems) often illustrated
NICARAGUA
- BT
- Latin and Central America
NON-ALLOPATHIC THERAPIES
- UF
- Alternative medicine
- Holistic health care
- Natural medicine
- Traditional remedies
- BT
- Theraupatic procedures
- NT
- Acunputure
- Alexander technique
- Biofeedback
- Chiropractic
- Hair analysis
- Herbal theraphy
- Homeopathic remedies
- Meditation
- Tai-chi
- Touch theraphy
- Visualisation
- Yoga
NON-FORMAL EDUCATION
SN
- Activities or programmes organised outside the established educational systems but directed towards definite educational objectives
- BT
- Education
NON-GOVERNMENT PROGRAMMES
- RT
- Health programmes
NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
- RT
- Feminist movements
- Women's movements and organisations
NORPLANT
SN
- A hormonal contraceptive implant, introduced by Population Council, made of soft rubber-like material. It is said as an effective, long lasting, reversible new method, which are inserted just under the skin of a women's upper arm. The six thin, flexible capsules contain a synthetic hormone, levonorgestrel, that is also used in combination oral contraceptives
- TT
- Hormonal methods
- BT
- Depo provera
- NET-EN
NORTH AMERICA
- NT
- Canada
- United States
NORTH KOREA
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- East Asia
NURSES
SN
- Individuals who are especially prepared in the scientific basis of nursing and who meet certain prescribed standards of education and clinical competence
- BT
- Health workers
- RT
- Midwives
NUTRITION PROGRAMMES
SN
- Organised activities to supplement the nutrition of human populations
- BT
- Food and nutrition
- RT
- Maternal-child health services
- Maternal health
- Primary health care
OBSTERICAL CARE
- TT
- Health care
- BT
- Maternal Health
- RT
- Childbirth
- Pregnancy
OBSTETRICIANS
- BT
- Health workers
- RT
- Gynaecologists
- Midwives
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
- BT
- Health
- NT
- Health hazards
- Pesticides
OPERATION RESCUE
- BT
- Antiabortion movement
OPTIMUM POPULATION
SN
- Population size at which a population as a whole enjoys the highest quality of life
- BT
- Population size
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
SN
- Chemical substances with contraceptive activity administered orally
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- Hormonal methods
- NT
- Oral contraceptives, combined
- Oral contraceptives, low-dose
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, COMBINED
SN
- A progestin administered in combination with an estrogen
- TT
- Hormonal methods
- BT
- Oral contraceptives
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, LOW-DOSE
SN
- Contain less than 50 mcg estrogen
- TT
- Hormonal methods
- BT
- Oral contraceptives
ORGANISATION AND ADMINISTRATION
SN
- Management of organisations or services in general
- NT
- Government programmes
- RT
- Organisational change
- Organisational evaluation
- Personnel development
- Personnel management
ORGANISATIONAL EVALUATION
- RT
- Organisation and administration
OSTEOPOROSIS
SN
- A condition in which bones become thin, fragile and highly prone to fracture
- BT
- Ageing
- RT
- Hormone replacement therapy
- Menopause
- Musculoskeletal diseases
OVARIAN CANCER
SN
- A malignant, cellular tumour of the ovary
- BT
- Cancer
OVARIAN CYSTS
SN
- A cystic tumor of the ovary either benign or malignant
- BT
- Gynaecological disorders
PACIFIC AND OCEANIA
- BT
- Developing countries
- NT
- Australia
- New Zealand
- Papua New Guinea
PAKISTAN
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- South Asia
PALESTINE
- BT
- West and Central Asia
PAMPHLETS
SN
- Unbound, non-periodical publications
PAP SMEAR
- RT
- Cervical cancer
- Cytology
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
- BT
- Pacific and Oceania
PARAGUAY
- BT
- Latin and Central America
PARENTING
- RT
- Adoption
- Childcare
- Family
- Parenting
PARTNERSHIP
- NT
- Government relationship
- Non-government relationship
PELVIC CANCER
- BT
- Cancer
PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES
SN
- Consists of infections of the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. It can cause severe inflammation and scarring of the fallopian tubes and ovaries, and damage increases with the severity inflammation
- RT
- Infertility
- Reproductive tract infections
PERIODIC SEXUAL ABSTINENCE
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- Traditional methods
- NT
- Fertility awareness
- Natural family planning
Periodicals
- see
- NEWSLETTERS, PERIODICALS, ETC.
PERSONNEL APPRAISAL
- RT
- Personnel management
PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
SN
- The phase of management which deals with all aspects of the relations between the employer and individual employees, the object of which is to build an efficient work force to ensure the maximum development of the individuals within the organisation
- BT
- Management
- NT
- Employment termination
- Retrenchment
- RT
- Employment
- Manpower needs
- Working conditions
PERU
- BT
- Latin and Central America
PEST CONTROL
- RT
- Pesticides
PESTICIDES
- BT
- Occupational health
- NT
- Fungicides
- Insecticides
- VDT use
- RT
- Health hazards
- Pest control
PHARMACEUTICALS
SN
- Any substance, other than food, used in the prevention, diagnosis, alleviation, treatment or cure of disease in man and animal
- RT
- Consumerism
- Health education
- Privatisation
- Quality of health care
PHILIPPINES
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- Southeast Asia
PHYSIOLOGY
SN
- The function of a living organism and its parts
PIDs
- see
- PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES
Pill (the)
- see
- ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
PILOT PROJECTS
SN
- Sample studies to test validity of a project or research plan
- BT
- Data collection
- RT
- Case study
POLICY
SN
- A definite course or method of action selected to guide and determine present and future decisions
- NT
- Development policy
- Health policy
- Women in development policy
- RT
- Government policy
POLITICAL ASPECTS
- RT
- Politics
POLITICAL FACTORS
SN
- Activities concerned with governmental policies and functions and competition among interest groups to influence those activities
- NT
- Government
POLITICAL SCIENCE
- BT
- Social sciences
POLITICS
SN
- Use in connection with political life as a whole
- RT
- Politics and women
- Political aspects
POLITICS AND WOMEN
- RT
- Politics
Pollution
- see
- ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
POLYGAMY
SN
- Simultaneous plural marriage
- TT
- Family
- BT
- Marriage
- NT
- Polygyny
POLYGYNY
SN
- The practice of having more than one wife or female mate at one time
- TT
- Marriage
- BT
- Concubinage
- RT
- Polygamy
- Wives
POPULATION
SN
- Inhabitants of a given area; also the size, structure, and development of human populations
- NT
- Demographic factors
- Geographic factors
- RT
- Ageing
- Demography
- Migration
- Population characteristics
- Population growth
- Population policy
- Population surveys
POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT
SN
- Interaction of development factors with population variables
POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS
SN
- Structure of a population; various social and biological groups into which members of a population may be classified
- BT
- Demographic factors
- NT
- Indigenous population
- Rural population
- Sex factors
- Urban population
POPULATION CONTROL
SN
- Government regulation of growth, density and distribution of people through policy and programmes
- BT
- Population policy
- NT
- Population programmes
- RT
- Feminist critiques
- Fertility control
POPULATION DECREASE
SN
- Reduction in the number of inhabitants in an area
- BT
- Population dynamics
- RT
- Family planning policy
- Fertility rate
- Mortality rate
- Population projection
POPULATION DYNAMICS
SN
- Changes in population processes
- BT
- Demographic factors
- NT
- Ageing population
- Demographic surveys
- Fertility
- Migration
- Mortality
- Population decrease
- Population growth
- Population size
- RT
- population distributions
POPULATION EDUCATION
SN
- An educational programme which provides for a study of the population situation in the family, the community, nation and world with the purpose of developing in the students rational and responsible attitudes and behaviour toward that situation
- BT
- Education
POPULATION GROWTH
SN
- Increase, over a specific period of time, in the number of individuals living in a country or region
- BT
- Population dynamics
- RT
- Population
- Population projection
POPULATION POLICY
SN
- Decisions and actions by government bodies intended to guide and usually to determine present and future decisions influencing demographic variables
- BT
- Government policy
- NT
- Family planning policy
- Population control
- RT
- Critiques
- Fertility control
- Population
- Social policy
POPULATION PROGRAMMES
SN
- Government and other sponsored and funded programmes for population control having social and economic goals broader than the provision of family planning services
- BT
- Population control
- RT
- Population
- Family planning programmes
POPULATION PROJECTION
SN
- The results of extrapolating a particular past growth of a population into the future when all of the independent variables used are given in demographic terms
- RT
- Population decrease
- Population growth
POPULATION SIZE
SN
- Number of persons inhabiting a particular region or area
- BT
- Population dynamics
- NT
- Optimum population
- Zero population growth
- RT
- Family size, ideal
POPULATION STATISTICS
SN
- Vital statistics, migration statistics, and census and survey data
- BT
- Research methodology
- NT
- Census
- Fertility surveys
- Vital statistics
Population structure
- see
- POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS
POVERTY
SN
- Situation in which the level of living is below standard of the community
- BT
- Social problems
- RT
- International development
PREGNANCY
SN
- Condition of having a developing embryo or fetus in the body after the union of a spermatozoon and an ovum
- BT
- Reproductive health
- NT
- Pregnancy complications
- RT
- Abortion
- Adolescent pregnancy
- Amniocentesis
- Maternal health
- Maternal mortality
PREGNANCY, ABDOMINAL
SN
- Ectopic pregnancy within the peritoneal cavity
- BT
- Pregnancy, ectopic
PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS
SN
- Undesirable conditions following or existing as a consequence of gestation
- BT
- Pregnancy
- NT
- Pregnancy, ectopic
- RT
- Chlamydia infections
- Maternal health
PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC
SN
- Development of the fertilised ovum outside the cavity of the uterus
- BT
- Pregnancy complications
- NT
- Pregnancy, abdominal
- Pregnancy, ovarian
- Pregnancy, tubal
PREGNANCY, OVARIAN
SN
- Implantation of the fertilised ovum in the substance of the ovary
- BT
- Pregnancy, ectopic
PREGNANCY, PLANNED
SN
- Pregnancy that is planned by a couple or by either partner in advance of conception
- BT
- Reproductive behaviour
PREGNANCY, TUBAL
SN
- Ectopic pregnancy within the uterine tube
- BT
- Pregnancy, ectopic
PREGNANCY, UNPLANNED
SN
- Conception not consciously planned by a couple or either partner at the time of sexual intercourse or conception
- BT
- Reproductive behaviour
PREGNANCY, UNWANTED
SN
- Conception consciously undesired at time of conception and later, by the couple or by either of the partners
- BT
- Reproductive behaviour
Pregnancy wastage
- see
- ABORTION
PREMENSTRUAL TENSION
SN
- Conditions occurring periodically in some individuals usually a week or ten days before menstruation; characterized by varying degrees of nervousness and irritability, emotional instability, headaches, and sometimes depression
- BT
- Menstruation disorders
PREVENTION AND CONTROL
SN
- Used with diseases for increasing human or animal resistance against disease; for control of transmission agents; for prevention and control of social factors leading to disease. Includes preventive measures in individual cases. Used as a secondary descriptor.
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
SN
- Essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound, and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford to maintain
- BT
- Health care
- Health programmes
- NT
- Maternal-child health services
- RT
- Health education
- Health workers
- Nutrition programmes
PRINT MEDIA
- BT
- Mass media
PRIVATISATION
- RT
- Health policy
- Pharmaceuticals
PROCHOICE MOVEMENT
SN
- Groups favouring legally available induced abortion. May be used when the item being catalogued articulates a prochoice perspective. Not restricted to items about the organised movement itself
- BT
- Abortion
- RT
- Antiabortion movement
PROGRAMME EVALUATION
SN
- Assessing the effectiveness of implementation of programmes
PROGRESS REPORTS
SN
- Used for documents evaluating or reporting developments in ongoing projects or studies. Normally used as a secondary descriptor
PROSPECTIVE STUDIES
SN
- Studies that are planned to observe events that have not yet occurred
- TT
- Research methods
- BT
- Data collection
- RT
- Case study
PROSTITUTION
SN
- The act or practice of engaging in sexual behaviours for payment
- RT
- Trafficking of women
- Violence against women
- Sex workers
PSYCHIATRY
SN
- The diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders
- RT
- Mental health
- Psychological health
- Psychology
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
- BT
- Psychology
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
SN
- Thoughts, feelings, attitudes, or other cognitive or affective characteristics of an individual which influence his/her behaviour
- RT
- Psychology
- Stress
PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH
- RT
- Alcohol consumption
- Mental health
- Psychiatry
- Women's health
PSYCHOLOGY
SN
- The science dealing with the study of mental processes and behaviour in humans and animals. Peripheral subject area. May be used when the item being catalogued deals with a psychological perspective. Not restricted to items about the field of psychology
- BT
- Social sciences
- RT
- Psychiatry
- Psychological aspects
- Psychological factors
PUBERTY
SN
- Stage of physical development at which it is first possible to reproduce
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
- RT
- Government
- Institutional framework
PUERTO RICO
- BT
- Latin and Central America
QATAR
- BT
- West and Central Asia
QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE
SN
- Measure of the health service or health care provided based on accepted standards of quality
- RT
- Health care
- Pharmaceuticals
QUESTIONNAIRES
SN
- Used for documents containing questionnaires. Normally used as a secondary descriptor
RACIAL FACTORS
SN
- Use primarily when the item being catalogued involves comparisons based on race, e.g. statistical information broken down by race
- BT
- Socioeconomic factors
RACISM
SN
- Discrimination against people of colour on the basis of race. Used when the item being catalogued is about racism, not necessarily when the cataloger detects a racist perspective in the text
RAPE
SN
- Unlawful, criminal and forced sexual offense
- BT
- Crime
- RT
- Domestic violence
- Sexually abused child
- Trafficking of women
- Violence against women
REFUGEES
REGIONAL FACTORS
SN
- Use primarily when the item being catalogued involves comparisons based on region, e.g. statistical information broken down by region
- BT
- Socioeconomic factors
REGIONAL GOVERNMENT
- BT
- Government
RELAXATION TECHNIQUES
- BT
- Alternative medicine
- RT
- Stress
RELIGION
SN
- An institutionalized system of beliefs or principles held to with ardor and faith. Peripheral subject area. May be used when the item being catalogued deals with a religious perspective. Not restricted to items about the field of religion itself. Use specific religion where applicable
- NT
- Buddhism
- Catholics
- Christianity
- Confucianism
- Hinduism
- Islam
- Taoism
- RT
- Spirituality
RELIGIOUS ASPECTS
SN
- Used to indicate the role of religion and ethical considerations and their effects on behaviour. Used as a secondary descriptor
REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR
SN
- Actions which reflect the reproductive performance of a person or a group
- BT
- Fertility
- NT
- Adolescent pregnancy
- Pregnancy, planned
- Pregnancy, unplanned>
- Pregnancy, unwanted
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
SN
- A condition in which the reproductive process is accomplished in a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. This implies that people have the ability to reproduce, that women can go through pregnancy and child birth safely, and that reproduction is carried to a successful outcome, i.e. infants survive and grow up healthy. It implies further that people are able to regulate their fertility without risks to their health and that they are safe in having sex
- BT
- Women's health
- NT
- Abortion
- AIDS
- Contraception
- HIV infections
- Infertility
- Maternal health
- Menopause
- Menstruation
- Pregnancy
- Reproductive tract infections
- Sexuality
- STDs
- RT
- Gynaecology
- Reproductive rights
- Reproductive technology
- Urinary tract infections
- Violence against women
REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS
- BT
- Women's rights
- RT
- Human rights
- Reproductive health
- Reproductive technology
REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY
- RT
- Reproductive health
- Reproductive rights
REPRODUCTIVE TRACT INFECTIONS
SN
- Commonly known as RTIs include a variety of bacterial, viral and protozoal infections of the lower and upper reproductive tracts of both sexes, especially STDs. Women can be infected not only from sexual intercourse, but also from the use of unclean menstrual cloths; insertion of leaves or other materials into the vagina to prevent pregnancy or induce abortion; unsafe childbirth or abortion techniques; and other harmful practices such as female circumcision
- BT
- Gynaecological disorders
- Reproductive health
- RT
- AIDS
- Cervical cancer
- Infertility
- Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases
- STDs
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- BT
- Technology
- RT
- Contraception research
RESEARCH METHODS
SN
- The means by which data are collected, analysed, and presented for review
- NT
- Data collection
- Population statistics
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
SN
- Used for documents that are proposed studies of a problem and how to pursue solutions; usually submitted for fund allocations. Use as a secondary descriptor
RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES
SN
- Study in which data relating to past events are collected
- TT
- Research methodology
- BT
- Data collection
- RT
- Case study
RISK FACTORS
SN
- Factors which increase susceptibility to a condition, disease, or infection
RTIs
- see
- REPRODUCTIVE TRACT INFECTIONS
RU-486
SN
- Mifepristone, progesterone antagonist with great affinity for progesterone receptors which interrupts early pregnancy and regulates the menstrual cycle
- BT
- Abortion
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
SN
- Socioeconomic improvement of non urban areas
- BT
- Economic factors
- NT
- Agricultural development
RURAL POPULATION
SN
- The inhabitants of rural areas or of small towns classified as rural
- BT
- Population characteristics
RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION
SN
- Migration from rural to urban areas, both internal and international; includes reverse migration
- BT
- Migration
- RT
- Migration, internal
SAUDI ARABIA
- BT
- West and Central Asia
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
SECTORAL DEVELOPMENT
- TT
- Development
- BT
- Economic development
- NT
- Agricultural development
SEPARATION
SN
- Process of union or marriage disruption
- BT
- Family
- RT
- Divorce
- Marriage
Serials
- see
- NEWSLETTERS, PERIODICALS, ETC.
SEX DISCRIMINATION
- BT
- Discrimination
- RT
- Gender and development
- Women's rights
- Women's status
- Work and women
SEX EDUCATION
SN
- Instruction in all aspects of human reproduction and sexuality
- BT
- Education
- RT
- AIDS
- Aids education
- Health education
- Menarche
- Sexuality
SEX FACTORS
SN
- Used when sex is discussed as a factor in relation to some specific subject or problem, or it involves comparisons based on sex, e.g. statistical information broken down by sex
- BT
- Population characteristics
- Socioeconomic factors
- RT
- Age factors
- Gender
SEX ROLES
SN
- Socially prescribed pattern of behaviour corresponding to an individual's sex
- NT
- Men's roles
- Women's roles
- RT
- Gender roles
Sex workers
- see
- PROSTITUTION
SEXUAL ABUSE
- UF
- Sexual Assault
- BT
- Abuse
- Violence
- RT
- Sexual disorders
SEXISM
SN
- Discrimination against women on the basis of their sex. Use when the item being catalogued is about sexism, not necessarily when the cataloguer detects a sexist perspective in the text
- RT
- Feminism
- Gender
- Sexual harassment
- Women's rights
- Women's status
SEXUAL HARASSMENT
SN
- Refers to the unwanted imposition of sexual requirements in the context of a relationship of unequal power
- BT
- Crime
- RT
- Domestic violence
- Rape
- Sexism
- Violence against women
SEXUALITY
SN
- Sexual characteristics which come in a wide variety, mixed and matched with various ideologies. It includes sexual identity, orientation, preferences and systems.
- BT
- Adolescence
- Reproductive health
- NT
- Heterosexuality
- Homosexuality
- Lesbianism
- RT
- Sex education
SEXUALLY ABUSED CHILD
- BT
- Child abuse
- RT
- Abandoned child
- Rape
- Violence against women
Sexually transmitted diseases
- see
- STDs
SHELTERS
- RT
- Domestic violence
SIDE EFFECTS
SN
- Used with drugs, chemicals, devices and techniques for unintended or undesirable reactions occurring in normal usage or application. Use as a secondary descriptor
SINGAPORE
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- Southeast Asia
SMOKING
SN
- Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of tobacco or something similar
- RT
- Cancer
- Child health
- Maternal health
- Menopause
- Women's health
SOCIAL ASPECTS
SOCIAL CONDITIONS
- RT
- Economic conditions
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
SN
- Growth or change resulting in increased life expectancy, higher educational attainment, better housing, lower birth rates and decreased mortality level
- BT
- Development
- RT
- Development policy
- Economic development
- Economic factors
SOCIAL PLANNING
SN
- Interactional process combining investigation, discussion and agreement by a number of people in the preparation and carrying out of a programme to ameliorate conditions of need or social pathology in the community
- BT
- Economic factors
SOCIAL POLICY
SN
- A policy having to do with a range of social needs, includes policies that relate to health, education, housing, population, social insurance and national assistance
- RT
- Population policy
SOCIAL SCIENCES
SN
- Sciences that deal with the social organization and functioning of human societies and with the behaviour of individuals as members of societies
- NT
- Anthropology
- Demography
- Economics
- Geography
- Political science
- Psychology
- Sociology
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
SN
- Social and economic variables that characterize an individual or group within the social structure; includes education, occupation. It also involves comparisons based on various socioeconomic criteria, e.g. statistical information broken down by various factors
- BT
- Demographic factors
- NT
- Age factors
- Education
- Employment status
- Income level
- Poverty
- Racial factors
- Regional factors
- Sex factors
SOCIOLOGY
SN
- A social science dealing with group relationships, patterns of collective behaviour and social organisation. Peripheral subject area. May be used when the item being catalogued deals with a sociological perspective. Not restricted to items about sociology itself
- BT
- Social sciences
SOMALIA
South America
- see
- LATIN AND CENTRAL AMERICA
SOUTH ASIA
- BT
- Asia
- NT
- Afghanistan
- Bangladesh
- Bhutan
- India
- Maldives
- Nepal
- Pakistan
- Sri Lanka
SOUTHEAST ASIA
- BT
- Asia
- NT
- Brunei Darussalam
- Indonesia
- Malaysia
- Myanmar
- Philippines
- Singapore
- Thailand
SOUTH KOREA
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- East Asia
SPERMICIDAL PRODUCTS
SN
- Chemical agents that inactivate the sperm in the vagina before they can move into the upper genital tract
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- Barrier methods
- NT
- Vaginal spermicides
- Vaginal sponge
SPIRITUALITY
- NT
- Indigenous faiths
- RT
- Religion
SPORT
- UF
- Athletics
- RT
- Exercise
- Sport injuries
- Sport medicine
SRI LANKA
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- South Asia
STANDARD OF LIVING
SN
- The economic necessities, comforts, and luxuries enjoyed or aspired to by an individual or group
- BT
- Economic factors
STATISTICS
- RT
- Indicators
Status of women
- see
- WOMEN'S STATUS
STDs
SN
- Sexually transmitted diseases. Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact.
- BT
- Gynaecological disorders
- Reproductive health
- NT
- Chlamydia infections
- Gonorrhea
- Herpes
- Syphilis
- RT
- AIDS
- Cervical cancer
- HIV infections
- Infertility
- Reproductive tract infections
STERILIZATION
SN
- A procedure by which an individual is made incapable of reproduction
- BT
- Contraception
- NT
- Female sterilization
- Male sterilization
- Tubectomy, tubal ligation
- RT
- Surgical methods
STREET CHILDREN
- RT
- Adolescence
STRESS
SN
- Psychosocial pressures or tension- producing factors in the environment to which the individual attempts to make a homeostatic adjustment
- BT
- Mental health
- RT
- Psychological factors
- Relaxation techniques
STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT
SN
- Government action directed towards altering the structure of the economy
- RT
- International development
SUICIDE
- BT
- Deaths
- RT
- Social problems
SURGICAL METHODS
- TT
- Contraception
- BT
- Contraceptive methods
- NT
- Tubectomy, tubal ligation
- Vasectomy
- RT
- Barrier methods
- Sterilization
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
SYMPTO-THERMAL METHOD
SN
- A family planning method combining various techniques for identifying the fertile period, especially cervical mucus changes and/or calendar calculations to estimate the onset of the fertile period, and mucus changes or basal body temperature to estimate its end
- TT
- Periodic sexual abstinence
- BT
- Fertility awarenessh
- Natural family planning
SYPHILIS
SN
- A sexually transmitted disease caused by a small spiral-shaped bacterium called a "spirochete", progressing from infection via open sores or rashes containing bacteria which can penetrate the mucous membranes of the genitals, mouth and anus as well as broken skin or other parts of the body
- BT
- STDs
SYRIA
- BT
- West and Central Asia
TABOO
SN
- Strong social norm prohibiting certain actions that are punishable by the group or community. The basis for prohibition is generally religious, magical or superstitious
- BT
- Culture
TAIWAN
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- East Asia
TAOISM
- BT
- Religion
TECHNOLOGY
SN
- The application of science to achieve industrial or commercial objectives
- BT
- Economic factors
- NT
- Research and development
Teenager
- see
- ADOLESCENCE
THAILAND
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- Southeast Asia
TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS
- BT
- Health workers
- RT
- Midwives
- Nurses
- Obstetricians
- Child birth
TRADITIONAL MEDIA
- BT
- Mass media
TRADITIONAL METHODS
- BT
- Contraceptive methods
- NT
- Coitus interruptus
- Periodic sexual abstinence
- RT
- Barrier methods
TRAFFICKING OF WOMEN
- BT
- Crime
- RT
- Prostitution
- Rape
- Violence against women
TRAINING IN ADVOCACY
TRAINING PROGRAMMES
SN
- Programmes aimed at the acquisition of defined skills
- BT
- Education
- RT
- Health workers
TREATMENT
SN
- Management and care of a patient or the combating of a disease or disorder. Use as a secondary descriptor
TUBECTOMY, TUBAL LIGATION
SN
- Tying the fallopian tubes to prevent passage of sperm and ova
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- Sterilisation
- Surgical methods
- NT
- Female sterilisation
UGANDA
- BT
- Africa
U.N.
- see
- UNITED NATIONS
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
- BT
- West and Central Asia
United Arab Republic
- see
- EGYPT
UNITED KINGDOM
UNITED NATIONS
- RT
- Aid
- Funders
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
- BT
- North America
URBAN POPULATION
SN
- The inhabitants of a city or town, including metropolitan and suburban areas
- BT
- Population characteristics
- RT
- Urbanisation
URBANISATION
SN
- Growth in the proportion of persons living in urban areas; the process whereby a society changes from a rural to an urban way of life
- RT
- Environmental pollution
- Population
- Urban population
URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS
- RT
- Gynaecological disorders
- Reproductive health
URUGUAY
- BT
- Latin and Central America
Uterine cancer
- see
- Endometrial cancer
VACCINES
SN
- A preparation that is administered to produce or artificially increase immunity to a particular disease in all conditions
- NT
- Contraceptive vaccines
VAGINAL CANCER
SN
- A malignant, cellular tumour of the vagina
- BT
- Cancer
VAGINAL CREAM
SN
- An emulsified preparation containing a spermicide inserted in the vagina
- TT
- Spermicidal products
- BT
- Vaginal spermicides
VAGINAL FOAM
SN
- A stabilised froth containing a spermicide in an inert base which is combined with aerosol foam and inserted with an applicator into the vagina
- TT
- Spermicidal products
- BT
- Vaginal spermicides
VAGINAL JELLY
SN
- A preparation with a soft somewhat elastic consistency containing a spermicide inserted in the vagina
- TT
- Spermicidal products
- BT
- Vaginal spermicides
Vaginal shield
- see
- FEMALE CONDOMS
VAGINAL SPERMICIDES
SN
- Chemical substances able to kill sperm
- TT
- Barrier methods
- BT
- Spermicidal products
- NT
- Vaginal cream
- Vaginal foam
- Vaginal jelly
- Vaginal suppository
- Vaginal tablets
VAGINAL SPONGE
SN
- A sponge, which may contain a spermicide, covering the cervix to prevent conception
- TT
- Barrier methods
- BT
- Spermicidal products
VAGINAL SUPPOSITORY
SN
- A small mass, solid at ordinary temperatures but melting at body temperature, containing a spermicide inserted in the vagina
- TT
- Spermicidal products
- BT
- Vaginal spermicides
VAGINAL TABLET
SN
- A small mass of material containing a spermicide inserted in the vagina
- TT
- Spermicidal products
- BT
- Vaginal spermicides
VASECTOMY
SN
- Excision of a segment of the vas deferens
- TT
- Contraceptive methods
- BT
- Male sterilisation
- Surgical methods
- RT
- Male contraception
VDT USE
- TT
- Occupational health
- BT
- Pesticides
- RT
- Health hazards
VENEZUELA
- BT
- Latin and Central America
VIETNAM
- TT
- Asia
- BT
- Indo-China
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
SN
- Any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty whether occurring in public or private life
- BT
- Crime
- NT
- Domestic violence
- RT
- Child abuse
- Homicide
- Prostitution
- Rape
- Reproductive health
- Sexual harassment
- Sexually abused child
- Trafficking of women
- Wife and partner battering
- Women's health
VITAL STATISTICS
SN
- Registration statistics of demographic events, such as births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and abortions. Does not include migration statistics
- TT
- Research methodology
- BT
- Population statistics
WAR AND CONFLICT
WEST AND CENTRAL ASIA
- BT
- Asia
- NT
- Afghanistan
- Bahrain
- Iran
- Iraq
- Jordan
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Oman
- Palestine
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- Syria
- United Arab Emirates
- Yemen
WIFE AND PARTNER BATTERING
SN
- The violent victimisation of women by husbands or men with whom they share a marriage-like relationship
- BT
- Domestic violence
- RT
- Violence against women
WOMEN AND DEVELOPMENT
SN
- The roles and problems of women in developing countries related to their participation in economic and social development activities
- BT
- Development
- NT
- Women in development theories
- RT
- Women in development plans
- Women in development policy
- Women in development programmes
- Women's status
WOMEN AND DEVELOPMENT PLANS
- BT
- Development plans
- RT
- Women and development
WOMEN AND DEVELOPMENT POLICY
- BT
- Government policy
- Policy
- RT
- Women and development
- Women's status
WOMEN AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES
- BT
- Government programmes
- Non-government programmes
- RT
- Women and development
WOMEN AND DEVELOPMENT THEORIES
- BT
- Development theories
- Women and development
- RT
- Feminist theories
WOMEN AND ISLAM
- BT
- Islam
WOMEN AND POLITICS
WOMEN MIGRANT WORKERS
SN
- Mobile, short-term residents who usually move to find work
- BT
- Labour force
- RT
- Migrants
- Occupational health
- Women workers
WOMEN WORKERS
SN
- Women who work outside the home and getting paid for it
- BT
- Economic development
- Labour force
- RT
- Women migrant workers
- Women's roles
- Women's status
- Work and women
WOMEN'S HEALTH
- BT
- Health
- NT
- Reproductive health
- Women's health movement
- RT
- Alcohol consumption
- Occupational health
- Psychological health
- Smoking
- Sport
- Violence against women
WOMEN'S HEALTH MOVEMENT
SN
- Composed of individuals and groups who are working to improve women's and infants' health care, women's reproductive health and power of women health workers
- BT
- Women's health
- RT
- Women's movements and organisations
WOMEN'S HEALTH STATUS
WOMEN'S HEALTH RESEARCH
WOMEN'S NETWORKS
WOMEN'S MOVEMENTS AND ORGANISATIONS
SN
- (Women's struggle for equality) - women's movements that is led and directed by women for the good of women, and for the benefit of all humanity
- RT
- Feminist movements
- Non-governmental organisations
- Women's health movement
WOMEN 'S REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS
WOMEN'S RIGHTS
- BT
- Human rights
- NT
- Reproductive rights
- RT
- Equal rights
- Feminism
- Gender
- Sex discrimination
- Sexism
WOMEN'S ROLES
SN
- Expected and characteristics pattern of behaviour exhibited by women
- BT
- Gender roles
- Sex roles
- RT
- Women workers
- Women's status
WOMEN'S STATUS
SN
- The position of women in the labour force, in society and in the family
- BT
- Socioeconomic factors
- RT
- Feminism
- Gender
- Gender and development
- Sex discrimination
- Sexism
- Women and development
- Women and development policy
- Women workers
- Women's roles
WOMEN STUDIES
WORK AND WOMEN
- RT
- Credit scheme
- Maternity leave
- Sex discrimination
- Women workers
Working women
- see
- WOMEN WORKERS
- or
- WORK AND WOMEN
WORLD FERTILITY SURVEYS
SN
- A series of nationally representative surveys with the primary focus of collecting fertility data
- BT
- Fertility surveys
YEMEN
- BT
- West and Central Asia
Youth
- see
- ADOLESCENCE
ZERO POPULATION GROWTH
SN
- Maintenance of present population size
- BT
- Population size